DAY 2.
JAINISM AND BUDDHISM

1. JAINISM

# Founder and Father- Mahavira born 540BC at Kundagram near Vaishali.
# Father- Siddhartha, Mother- Trishala, Wife- Yashoda, Daughter- Anojja Priyadarshani married to Jamali ie. his first disciple.
# Enlightment under Sal tree, near village Jrimbikagrama on the bank of Rajupalika river.
# Died at the age of 72 at Pavapuri near Patna 527BC.
# Three ratna of Jainism called they way of Nirvana: Right Faith, Right Conduct and Right Knowledge.

SACRED LITERATURES:
# Called Shvetambras written in the form of Prakrit called Ardhamagadhi, Name of the literature was Kalpasutra written by Bhadrabahu in language Pali, and Acharangsurtra about rules and regulations of Jain Bhikshus.
# Five main teachings called Pancha Mahavaratas: Non injury, Non lying, Non possession, Non stealing, Observe continence.

PRINCIPLES:
# Rejected the authority of Vedas and Vedic rituals.
# Did not believe in the existence of GOD.
# Attainment of salvation and dying of starvation by believing in penace.
# Laid great emphasis and equality or universal brotherhood

JAIN COUNCILS:
# First- Patliputra(Bihar), Second- Mathura, Third- Vallabhi(Gujrat).

2. BUDDHISM

# Stand on three pillars called Triratna: Buddha, Dhamma, Sangha.
# Founding father of Buddhism was Gautama Buddha born 563BC in the sal grove of Lumbini garden in Kapilavastu.
# Mother- Mahamaya(Kosalan princess), Father- Sudhodhan(Sakya tribe).
# Buddha's name was Siddhartha and Gotra was Gautama.
# His mother died after 7 days of his birth and he was brought up by his aunt Mahaprajapati Gautami.
# Buddha's wife Yashodara gave birth to a son Rahul.
# Left home at the age 29, became famous by name Mahabhinishkarmana
# First became disciple of Aalar kalma(Vaishali).
# Enlightment under Bodhi tree in Gaya ji (Bihar), According to him, soul was a myth.

TYPES:
# Hinayana, Mahayana and Vajrayana.

BUDDHIST TEXTS:
#Vinaya Pitaka.
# Sutta Pitaka.
# Abhidhamma Pitaka.
# Jatak stories(tells about 550 pre births of buddha).
# Milindopanho(Conversation between a greek and a Monk).
# Kathavastu(Hinayana grantha in language sanskrit).
# Mahavibhashashastra(Encyclopedia of Bodh religion by Vasumitra).
# Deepvansh and Mahavansh(History of Srilanka in pali language).